Indian Institutes of Technology

The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are free accessible institutes of academy education, amid in India. They are absolute by the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961 which has declared them as "institutions of civic importance", and lays down their powers, duties, and framework for babyminding etc.[2][3] The Institutes of Technology Act, 1961 lists sixteen institutes amid at Chennai, Delhi, Guwahati, Kanpur, Kharagpur, Mumbai, Roorkee, Bhubaneswar, Gandhinagar, Hyderabad, Indore, Jodhpur, Mandi, Patna, Ropar and Varanasi. Anniversary IIT is an free institution, affiliated to the others through a accepted IIT Council, which oversees their administration. The Union HRD Minister is the ex-officio Chairperson of IIT Council.
The IITs accept a accepted acceptance action for undergraduate admissions, alleged IIT-JEE, which was replaced by Collective Entrance Examination Advanced in 2013. The post-graduate akin affairs that awards M.Tech, MS degrees in engineering is administered by the earlier IITs (Kharagpur, Bombay, Madras, Kanpur, Delhi, Roorkee, Varanasi, Guwahati). M.Tech and MS admissions are done on the base of Alum Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE). In accession to B.Tech, M.Tech and MS programs, IITs aswell accolade added alum degrees such as M.Sc in Maths, Physics and Chemistry, MBA, PhD etc. Acceptance to these programs of IITs is done through Accepted Acceptance Test(CAT), Collective Acceptance Test for Masters (JAM) and Accepted Entrance Examination for Design (CEED). Collective Seat Allocation Authority 2015 (JoSAA 2015) conducted the collective acceptance action for a absolute of 18 IITs, ISM Dhanbad.

History

The history of the IIT arrangement dates aback to 1946 if Sir Jogendra Singh of the Viceroy's Executive Council set up a board whose assignment was to accede the conception of Academy Technical Institutions for post-war automated development in India. The 22-member committee, headed by Nalini Ranjan Sarkar, recommended the enactment of these institutions in assorted locations of India, with affiliated accessory institutions.
The aboriginal Indian Institute of Technology was founded in May 1950 at the website of the Hijli Detention Camp in Kharagpur. On 15 September 1956, the Parliament of India anesthetized the Indian Institute of Technology (Kharagpur) Act, declaring it as an Institute of Civic Importance. Jawaharlal Nehru, aboriginal Prime Minister of India, in the aboriginal assemblage abode of IIT Kharagpur in 1956 said:
“ Here in the abode of that Hijli Detention Camp stands the accomplished cairn of India, apery India's urges, India's approaching in the making. This account seems to me symbolical of the changes that are advancing to India. ”
On the recommendations of the Sarkar Committee, four campuses were accustomed at Bombay (1958), Madras (1959), Kanpur (1959), and Delhi (1961). The area of these campuses was called to be broadcast throughout India to anticipate bounded imbalance. The Indian Institutes of Technology Act was adapted to reflect the accession of new IITs. Apprentice agitations in the accompaniment of Assam fabricated Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi affiance the conception of a new IIT in Assam. This led to a sixth campus at Guwahati beneath the Assam Accord in 1994. The University of Roorkee, India's oldest engineering college, was conferred IIT cachet in 2001.

Education

The IITs accept analogously academy grants than added engineering colleges in India. While the absolute government allotment to a lot of added engineering colleges is about Rs. 100–200 actor (USD 2–4 million) per year, the bulk varies amid Rs. 900–1,300 actor (USD 18–26 million) per year for anniversary IIT. Added sources of funds cover apprentice fees and analysis allotment from industry and contributions from the alumni. The faculty-to-student arrangement in the IITs is amid 1:6 and 1:8. The Standing Board of IIT Council (SCIC) prescribes the lower absolute for faculty-to-student arrangement as 1:9, activated administration wise. The IITs subsidise undergraduate apprentice fees by about 80% and accommodate scholarships to all Master of Technology acceptance and Analysis Scholars in adjustment to animate acceptance for academy studies, per the recommendations of the Thacker Board (1959–1961). The amount borne by undergraduate acceptance is about Rs. 180,000 per annum. After acceptance from SC and ST categories, physically challenged acceptance will now be the beneficiaries of fee abandonment at the IITs in India.